Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/develop_integration_w43' into develop

Summary of changes:
- fix a bug with Timing Advance.
  This should improve the stability of the connection
  (for now, only the scenario with one connected UE works).
- use RRC Release 14.3
- add some T tracers, minor fixes for T

cmake_targets/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ elseif (${RRC_ASN1_VERSION} STREQUAL "CBA")
 elseif (${RRC_ASN1_VERSION} STREQUAL "Rel10")
   set (RRC_GRAMMAR ${OPENAIR2_DIR}/RRC/LITE/MESSAGES/asn1c/ASN1_files/EUTRA-RRC-Definitions-a20.asn)
 else()
-  set (RRC_GRAMMAR ${OPENAIR2_DIR}/RRC/LITE/MESSAGES/asn1c/ASN1_files/RRC-e10.asn)
+  set (RRC_GRAMMAR ${OPENAIR2_DIR}/RRC/LITE/MESSAGES/asn1c/ASN1_files/RRC-e30.asn)
 endif  (${RRC_ASN1_VERSION} STREQUAL "Rel8")
 
 set (RRC_FULL_DIR ${asn1_generated_dir}/${RRC_ASN1_VERSION})

cmake_targets/tools/fix_asn1

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #   <file> <sha1sum of file (without line 4 which changes depending on the location of the files)> <patch to apply to file>
 
 RRC_Rel14=(
-  "SystemInformation-r8-IEs.h" 562e3c3aeb7c6d76d722f31bf24488a26e627f33 "fix_asn1.data/RRC.rel14/SystemInformation-r8-IEs.h.diff"
+  "SystemInformation-r8-IEs.h" 4df485c5ddf2540eca271876cdc512caa19b0890 "fix_asn1.data/RRC.rel14/SystemInformation-r8-IEs.h.diff"
 )
 
 RRC_Rel10=(

common/utils/T/.gitignore

@@ -10,4 +10,9 @@ tracer/replay
 tracer/textlog
 tracer/vcd
 tracer/macpdu2wireshark
+tracer/ue
+tracer/to_vcd
+tracer/extract_input_subframe
+tracer/extract_output_subframe
+tracer/extract
 tracee/tracee

common/utils/T/T_defs.h

@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ typedef struct {
 #define T_SHM_FILENAME "/T_shm_segment"
 
 /* number of VCD functions (to be kept up to date! see in T_messages.txt) */
-#define VCD_NUM_FUNCTIONS 172
+#define VCD_NUM_FUNCTIONS 178
 
 /* number of VCD variables (to be kept up to date! see in T_messages.txt) */
-#define VCD_NUM_VARIABLES 118
+#define VCD_NUM_VARIABLES 128
 
 /* first VCD function (to be kept up to date! see in T_messages.txt) */
 #define VCD_FIRST_FUNCTION    ((uintptr_t)T_VCD_FUNCTION_RT_SLEEP)

common/utils/T/T_messages.txt

@@ -958,6 +958,38 @@ ID = VCD_VARIABLE_SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX1_ENB
     DESC = VCD variable SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX1_ENB
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
     FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_FRAME_NUMBER_TX0_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable FRAME_NUMBER_TX0_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_FRAME_NUMBER_TX1_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable FRAME_NUMBER_TX1_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_FRAME_NUMBER_RX0_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable FRAME_NUMBER_RX0_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_FRAME_NUMBER_RX1_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable FRAME_NUMBER_RX1_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_SUBFRAME_NUMBER_TX0_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable SUBFRAME_NUMBER_TX0_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_SUBFRAME_NUMBER_TX1_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable SUBFRAME_NUMBER_TX1_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX0_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX0_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX1_RU
+    DESC = VCD variable SUBFRAME_NUMBER_RX1_RU
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
 ID = VCD_VARIABLE_RUNTIME_TX_ENB
     DESC = VCD variable RUNTIME_TX_ENB
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
@@ -1050,6 +1082,14 @@ ID = VCD_VARIABLE_TRX_TST
     DESC = VCD variable TRX_TST
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
     FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_TRX_TS_UE
+    DESC = VCD variable TRX_TS_UE
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:UE:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
+ID = VCD_VARIABLE_TRX_TST_UE
+    DESC = VCD variable TRX_TST_UE
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:UE:VCD_VARIABLE
+    FORMAT = ulong,value
 ID = VCD_VARIABLE_TRX_WRITE_FLAGS
     DESC = VCD variable TRX_WRITE_FLAGS
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_VARIABLE
@@ -1413,6 +1453,14 @@ ID = VCD_FUNCTION_TRX_WRITE
     DESC = VCD function TRX_WRITE
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_TRX_READ_UE
+    DESC = VCD function TRX_READ_UE
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:UE:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_TRX_WRITE_UE
+    DESC = VCD function TRX_WRITE_UE
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:UE:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
 ID = VCD_FUNCTION_TRX_READ_IF
     DESC = VCD function TRX_READ_IF
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
@@ -1565,12 +1613,28 @@ ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_TX1
     DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_TX1
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
-ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_COMMON
-    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_COMMON
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPRX
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPRX
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPRX1
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPRX1
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_OFDM
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_OFDM
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_OFDM1
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_OFDM1
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_PREC
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_PREC
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
-ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_COMMON1
-    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_COMMON1
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_PREC1
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_RU_FEPTX_PREC1
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
 ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_UESPEC
@@ -1581,10 +1645,6 @@ ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_UESPEC1
     DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_ENB_RX_UESPEC1
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
-ID = VCD_FUNCTION_ENB_SLOT_FEP
-    DESC = VCD function ENB_SLOT_FEP
-    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
-    FORMAT = int,value
 ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_PROCEDURES_UE_TX
     DESC = VCD function PHY_PROCEDURES_UE_TX
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:UE:VCD_FUNCTION
@@ -1781,6 +1841,10 @@ ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_ENB_PRACH_RX
     DESC = VCD function PHY_ENB_PRACH_RX
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
     FORMAT = int,value
+ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_RU_PRACH_RX
+    DESC = VCD function PHY_RU_PRACH_RX
+    GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION
+    FORMAT = int,value
 ID = VCD_FUNCTION_PHY_ENB_PDCCH_TX
     DESC = VCD function PHY_ENB_PDCCH_TX
     GROUP = ALL:VCD:ENB:VCD_FUNCTION

common/utils/T/tracer/Makefile

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ CFLAGS=-Wall -g -pthread -DT_TRACER -I.
 
 #CFLAGS += -O3 -ffast-math -fomit-frame-pointer
 
-LIBS=-lX11 -lm -lpng -lXft
+LIBS=-lm
+XLIBS=-lX11 -lpng -lXft
 
 all: record replay extract_config textlog enb ue vcd macpdu2wireshark \
-     extract_input_subframe
+     extract_input_subframe extract_output_subframe to_vcd extract
 
 record: utils.o record.o database.o config.o
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o record $^ $(LIBS)
@@ -21,25 +22,36 @@ extract_input_subframe: extract_input_subframe.o database.o event.o utils.o \
     config.o
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
 
+extract_output_subframe: extract_output_subframe.o database.o event.o utils.o \
+    config.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
+
+extract: extract.o database.o event.o utils.o config.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
+
 textlog: utils.o textlog.o database.o event.o handler.o config.o \
          event_selector.o view/view.a gui/gui.a logger/logger.a \
          filter/filter.a
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o textlog $^ $(LIBS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o textlog $^ $(LIBS) $(XLIBS)
 
 enb: utils.o enb.o database.o event.o handler.o config.o \
          event_selector.o view/view.a gui/gui.a logger/logger.a \
          filter/filter.a
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o enb $^ $(LIBS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o enb $^ $(LIBS) $(XLIBS)
 
 ue: utils.o ue.o database.o event.o handler.o config.o \
          event_selector.o view/view.a gui/gui.a logger/logger.a \
          filter/filter.a
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ue $^ $(LIBS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ue $^ $(LIBS) $(XLIBS)
 
 vcd: utils.o vcd.o database.o event.o handler.o config.o \
          event_selector.o view/view.a gui/gui.a logger/logger.a \
          filter/filter.a
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o vcd $^ $(LIBS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o vcd $^ $(LIBS) $(XLIBS)
+
+to_vcd: to_vcd.o database.o event.o handler.o utils.o config.o \
+         logger/logger.a filter/filter.a
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o to_vcd $^ $(LIBS)
 
 macpdu2wireshark: macpdu2wireshark.o database.o utils.o handler.o event.o \
                   config.o
@@ -65,6 +77,7 @@ filter/filter.a:
 clean:
 	rm -f *.o core tracer_remote textlog enb ue vcd record replay
 	rm -f extract_config macpdu2wireshark extract_input_subframe
+	rm -f extract_output_subframe to_vcd extract
 	cd gui && make clean
 	cd view && make clean
 	cd logger && make clean

common/utils/T/tracer/extract.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include "database.h"
+#include "event.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+void usage(void)
+{
+  printf(
+"usage: [options] <file> <event> <buffer name>\n"
+"options:\n"
+"    -d <database file>        this option is mandatory\n"
+"    -o <output file>          this option is mandatory\n"
+"    -f <name> <value>         field 'name' of 'event' has to match 'value'\n"
+"                              type of 'name' must be int\n"
+"                              (you can use several -f options)\n"
+  );
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+int get_filter_arg(database_event_format *f, char *field, char *type)
+{
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < f->count; i++)
+    if (!strcmp(f->name[i], field)) {
+      if (strcmp(f->type[i], type)) break;
+      return i;
+    }
+  printf("bad field %s, check that it exists and has type '%s'\n",field,type);
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+int main(int n, char **v)
+{
+  char *database_filename = NULL;
+  void *database;
+  int i;
+  int input_event_id;
+  database_event_format f;
+  char *file = NULL;
+  char *output_file = NULL;
+  FILE *out;
+  int fd;
+  char *event_name = NULL;
+  char *buffer_name = NULL;
+  char *filter[n];
+  int filter_arg[n];
+  int filter_value[n];
+  int filter_count = 0;
+  int buffer_arg;
+  int found;
+
+  for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-h") || !strcmp(v[i], "--help")) usage();
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-d"))
+      { if (i > n-2) usage(); database_filename = v[++i]; continue; }
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-o"))
+      { if (i > n-2) usage(); output_file = v[++i]; continue; }
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-f")) { if (i>n-3) usage();
+      filter[filter_count]         = v[++i];
+      filter_value[filter_count++] = atoi(v[++i]);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (file == NULL) { file = v[i]; continue; }
+    if (event_name == NULL) { event_name = v[i]; continue; }
+    if (buffer_name == NULL) { buffer_name = v[i]; continue; }
+    usage();
+  }
+  if (file == NULL || event_name == NULL || buffer_name == NULL) usage();
+
+  if (database_filename == NULL) {
+    printf("ERROR: provide a database file (-d)\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if (output_file == NULL) {
+    printf("gimme -o <output file>, thanks\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  out = fopen(output_file, "w"); if(out==NULL){perror(output_file);exit(1);}
+
+  database = parse_database(database_filename);
+
+  load_config_file(database_filename);
+
+  input_event_id = event_id_from_name(database, event_name);
+  f = get_format(database, input_event_id);
+
+  buffer_arg = get_filter_arg(&f, buffer_name, "buffer");
+
+  for (i = 0; i < filter_count; i++)
+    filter_arg[i] = get_filter_arg(&f, filter[i], "int");
+
+  fd = open(file, O_RDONLY);
+  if (fd == -1) { perror(file); exit(1); }
+
+  found = 0;
+
+  while (1) {
+    char v[T_BUFFER_MAX];
+    event e;
+    e = get_event(fd, v, database);
+    if (e.type == -1) break;
+    if (e.type != input_event_id) continue;
+    for (i = 0; i < filter_count; i++)
+      if (filter_value[i] != e.e[filter_arg[i]].i)
+        break;
+    if (i != filter_count)
+      continue;
+    if (fwrite(e.e[buffer_arg].b, e.e[buffer_arg].bsize, 1, out) != 1)
+      { perror(output_file); exit(1); }
+    found = 1;
+    break;
+  }
+
+  if (found == 0) printf("ERROR: event not found\n");
+
+  fclose(out);
+
+  return 0;
+}

common/utils/T/tracer/extract_output_subframe.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include "database.h"
+#include "event.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+void usage(void)
+{
+  printf(
+"usage: [options] <file> <frame> <subframe> <number of subframes>\n"
+"    the program dumps 'number of subframes' subframes starting\n"
+"    at 'frame:suubframe'\n"
+"options:\n"
+"    -d <database file>        this option is mandatory\n"
+"    -o <output file>          output to file (default: stdout)\n"
+"    -v                        verbose\n"
+  );
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+int main(int n, char **v)
+{
+  char *database_filename = NULL;
+  void *database;
+  int i;
+  int output_event_id;
+  database_event_format f;
+  char *file = NULL;
+  int fd;
+  int frame = -1, subframe = -1;
+  int number_of_subframes = -1;
+  int frame_arg, subframe_arg, buffer_arg;
+  int verbose = 0;
+  char *out_filename = NULL;
+  FILE *out;
+
+  for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-h") || !strcmp(v[i], "--help")) usage();
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-d"))
+      { if (i > n-2) usage(); database_filename = v[++i]; continue; }
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-o"))
+      { if (i > n-2) usage(); out_filename = v[++i]; continue; }
+    if (!strcmp(v[i], "-v")) { verbose = 1; continue; }
+    if (file == NULL)              { file = v[i]; continue; }
+    if (frame == -1)               { frame = atoi(v[i]); continue; }
+    if (subframe == -1)            { subframe = atoi(v[i]); continue; }
+    if (number_of_subframes == -1) {number_of_subframes=atoi(v[i]);continue;}
+    usage();
+  }
+  if (file == NULL || frame == -1 || subframe == -1 ||
+      number_of_subframes == -1) usage();
+
+  if (database_filename == NULL) {
+    printf("ERROR: provide a database file (-d)\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if (out_filename == NULL) out = stdout;
+  else {
+    out = fopen(out_filename, "w");
+    if (out == NULL) { perror(out_filename); exit(1); }
+  }
+
+  database = parse_database(database_filename);
+
+  load_config_file(database_filename);
+
+  output_event_id = event_id_from_name(database, "ENB_PHY_OUTPUT_SIGNAL");
+  f = get_format(database, output_event_id);
+
+  frame_arg = subframe_arg = buffer_arg = -1;
+  for (i = 0; i < f.count; i++) {
+    if (!strcmp(f.name[i], "frame")) {
+      if (frame_arg != -1) goto err;
+      if (strcmp(f.type[i], "int")) goto err;
+      frame_arg = i;
+    }
+    if (!strcmp(f.name[i], "subframe")) {
+      if (subframe_arg != -1) goto err;
+      if (strcmp(f.type[i], "int")) goto err;
+      subframe_arg = i;
+    }
+    if (!strcmp(f.name[i], "txdata")) {
+      if (buffer_arg != -1) goto err;
+      if (strcmp(f.type[i], "buffer")) goto err;
+      buffer_arg = i;
+    }
+    continue;
+err:
+    printf("cannot deal with ENB_PHY_OUTPUT_SIGNAL from database file\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+  if (frame_arg == -1 || subframe_arg == -1 || buffer_arg == -1) goto err;
+
+  fd = open(file, O_RDONLY);
+  if (fd == -1) { perror(file); exit(1); }
+
+  int last_frame = -1;
+  int last_subframe = -1;
+  int subframe_written = 0;
+  while (1) {
+    char v[T_BUFFER_MAX];
+    event e;
+    e = get_event(fd, v, database);
+    if (e.type == -1) break;
+    if (e.type != output_event_id) continue;
+    if (verbose)
+      printf("found output frame %d subframe %d size %d\n",
+             e.e[frame_arg].i, e.e[subframe_arg].i, e.e[buffer_arg].bsize);
+    if (!(last_frame != -1 ||
+          (frame == e.e[frame_arg].i && subframe == e.e[subframe_arg].i)))
+      continue;
+    frame = e.e[frame_arg].i;
+    subframe = e.e[subframe_arg].i;
+    if (last_frame != -1) {
+      if (frame*10+subframe != (last_frame*10+last_subframe + 1) % 10240) {
+        printf("error: discontinuity, not what you want...\n");
+        exit(1);
+      }
+    }
+    last_frame = frame;
+    last_subframe = subframe;
+#if 0
+for (i = 0; i < e.e[buffer_arg].bsize/2; i++) {
+short *x = e.e[buffer_arg].b;
+x[i] *= 14;
+}
+#endif
+    if (verbose)
+      printf("save output frame %d subframe %d size %d\n",
+             e.e[frame_arg].i, e.e[subframe_arg].i, e.e[buffer_arg].bsize);
+    if (fwrite(e.e[buffer_arg].b, e.e[buffer_arg].bsize, 1, out) != 1) {
+      perror(out_filename);
+      exit(1);
+    }
+    subframe_written++;
+    if (subframe_written != number_of_subframes)
+      continue;
+
+    /* done */
+    fflush(out);
+    if (out_filename != NULL) {
+      if (fclose(out)) perror(out_filename);
+    }
+    if (verbose)
+      printf("%d subframes written\n", subframe_written);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  printf("error with input file, %d subframe written\n", subframe_written);
+  fflush(out);
+  if (out_filename != NULL) {
+    if (fclose(out)) perror(out_filename);
+  }
+  return 1;
+}

common/utils/T/tracer/to_vcd.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "database.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "handler.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "logger/logger.h"
+#include "view/view.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+  char *event;
+  char *arg;
+  char *vcd_name;
+  int boolean;
+} vcd_vars;
+
+/****************************************************************************/
+/* VCD file handling begin                                                  */
+/****************************************************************************/
+
+FILE *out;
+
+uint64_t start_time;
+int start_time_inited;
+
+void vcd_init(char *file)
+{
+  out = fopen(file, "w"); if (out == NULL) { perror(file); exit(1); }
+}
+
+void vcd_write_header(vcd_vars *v, int n)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  if (fprintf(out,
+"$date\n"
+"  January, 1, 1970.\n"
+"$end\n"
+"$version\n"
+"  to_vcd\n"
+"$end\n"
+"$timescale 1ns $end\n"
+"$scope module logic $end\n") <= 0) abort();
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    if (fprintf(out, "$var wire %d %s %s $end\n",
+           v[i].boolean ? 1 : 64,
+           v[i].vcd_name, v[i].vcd_name) <= 0) abort();
+
+  if (fprintf(out,
+"$upscope $end\n"
+"$enddefinitions $end\n"
+"$dumpvars\n") <= 0) abort();
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    if (v[i].boolean) {
+      if (fprintf(out, "0%s\n", v[i].vcd_name) <= 0) abort();
+    } else {
+      if (fprintf(out, "b0 %s\n", v[i].vcd_name) <= 0) abort();
+    }
+
+  if (fprintf(out,
+"$end\n") <= 0) abort();
+
+}
+
+void vcd_end(void)
+{
+  if (fclose(out)) { perror("error closing VCD file"); exit(1); }
+}
+
+char *b64(uint64_t val)
+{
+  static char v[65];
+  char *s = &v[64];
+  *s = 0;
+  if (val == 0) { s--; *s = '0'; return s; }
+  while (val) {
+    s--;
+    *s = val&1 ? '1' : '0';
+    val >>= 1;
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+void vcd_dump(char *v)
+{
+  uint64_t h, m, s, ns;
+  char t;
+  uint64_t val;
+  uint64_t time;
+  char